Lecture Series 1
Communication Skills
Outline:
1. Introduction
2. Meaning
3. Definitions
4. Origin/ Evolution
4. Characteristics
5. Types & Examples
6. Scope/Significance
7. Conclusion
Introduction: -
Communication is as old as human civilization. The common need for protection led to group life. As group life developed, forms of communication also developed. Communication was in the forms of codes, indications, signals, and expressions.
Gradually with the increase in population, division of labor, exchange economy, etc., necessitated the development of language. In the present-day world, communication is a vital need of every Step in any industrial or commercial activity.
The term communication has been derived from the Latin word, ‘communis’, which means common.
Communication means, to tell, show, spread information, and inform. The term
communication is used to signify the process of transferring ideas or receiving them by any means such as word of mouth, telephone, telegram, letter, message, etc. Thus, communication stands for sharing of information, imparting or conveying ideas and knowledge.
Meaning
The English word ‘communication’ is derived from the Latin word communis, which means common.
The term communication refers to the sharing of ideas in common. In other words, it is the transmission and interaction of facts, ideas, opinions, feelings, or attitudes. Communication is the essence of management. The basic function of management (planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling) cannot be performed well without effective communication.
In short, Communication is the process of passing ideas, views, facts, information, and understanding from one person to another. This process is necessary for making the subordinates understand what the management expects from them.
Communication cannot take place without two parties – the receiver and the sender. The information which is sent by the sender must be understandable to the receiver.
Definition:
Following are some of the important definitions of communication:
Communication may be defined as “the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another.”
According to Koontz and O’Donnel, Communication may be understood “as the exchange of information at least between two persons to create an understanding in the mind of the other, whether or not it gives rise to conflict.”
Newman and Summer- “Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons.”
‘Communication is the sum of all things a person does when he wants to create an understanding in the mind of another. – Louis A. Allen
‘It is the process of passing information and understanding from one person to another. It is essentially a bridge of meaning between people. By using this bridge of meaning, a person can safely cross the river of misunderstanding that separates all the people’. – Keith Davis
Origin of Communication
The origin of communication can be traced back to the earliest forms of human interaction, when early humans used gestures, sounds, and expressions to convey meaning. As humans evolved, so did their forms of communication, from oral traditions passed down from generation to generation, to the development of writing and the printing press, to the introduction of modern communication technologies such as the telephone, radio, television, and the Internet.
The exact origin of communication is difficult to determine, as it is likely that early forms of communication evolved gradually over time as early humans developed new ways to exchange information and ideas. However, it is clear that communication has played a critical role in human evolution and has allowed humans to form social bonds, exchange knowledge, and cooperate with one another in ways that have enabled them to thrive and survive.
In conclusion, the origin of communication can be traced back to the earliest forms of human interaction and has evolved over time to become the complex and dynamic process that it is today, with new forms of communication emerging as technology and culture continue to evolve.
Evolution of Communication
The evolution of communication has been shaped by technological advancements, cultural changes, and the need for more efficient and effective ways to exchange information. Some key milestones in the evolution of communication include:
1. Oral Communication:
The earliest forms of communication were based on oral tradition, with stories and information passed down from generation to generation through speech and song.
2. Writing:
The development of writing marked a major turning point in the evolution of communication, as it allowed for the creation of permanent records and the dissemination of information beyond the immediate community.
3. Printing Press:
The invention of the printing press in the 15th century revolutionized communication, making it possible to mass-produce books, pamphlets, and other written materials.
4. Telegraph:
The telegraph, invented in the 19th century, was the first electrical communication system and paved the way for the development of modern communication technologies, including the telephone and the radio.
5. Radio and Television:
The introduction of radio and television in the 20th century marked a major step forward in the evolution of communication, as it allowed for the mass dissemination of information and entertainment on a global scale.
6. Computer and the Internet:
The development of the computer and the Internet has had a profound impact on the evolution of communication, making it possible to exchange information and communicate with people anywhere in the world in real-time.
In conclusion, the evolution of communication has been shaped by technological advancements and cultural changes, and has allowed for the exchange of information on an ever-increasing scale. The development of new communication technologies has also led to new forms of communication, such as social media, and has changed the way that people interact with each other and with the world.
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| Origin of Communication |
The primary objective of communication in management is to convey information—instructions, policies, procedures, decisions, etc., so the listener will hear, read, understand what is said, agree and accept the message, and react as intended by the manager or sender of the communication.
There are many objectives of communication. They are
Stronger Decision Making
Increased Productivity
Steadier Workflow
Enhanced Professional Image
Clearer Promotional Material
Provide Advice
Provide Order
Suggestion
Persuasion
Education
Warning
Raising Morale & Motivation
To Give & Receive information
To Provide Counseling
To Improve Discipline
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| Purpose of communication |
The characteristics of communication are as follows:
(i) At least two persons – Communication involves at least two persons—the sender and the receiver.
The sender sends the message and the receiver receives the message. There is an exchange of information between two or more persons.
(ii) Two-way process – Communication is essentially a two-way process. It does not merely mean sending and receiving messages. It is not complete unless and until the message has been understood by the receiver in the same sense.
(iii) Form of communication – Communication may take several forms, e.g., order, instruction, report, queries, etc. It may be verbal or written. It may be formal or informal.
(iv) Scope – Communication is present in all human relationships. It is essential in all types of organizations and at all levels of management. It has a very wide scope.
(v) Dynamic process – Communication is influenced by the mood and thinking of the sender and receiver. It keeps on changing depending upon the Level of understanding of the sender and receiver.
(vi) Goal-oriented – Communication is goal-oriented and is effective only when there is a congruence of goals of the sender and the receiver.
(vii) Interdisciplinary – Communication derives knowledge from several sciences like anthropology (the study of body language), sociology (the study of human behavior), psychology (the study of a human), etc. The linking between these sciences makes communication effective
(viii) Interpersonal relations – The main purpose of communication is to influence the human behavior which creates interpersonal relations.
(ix) Circular process – There is a circular flow of information in the communication process. After the feedback, the receiver of the original message is required to transmit another message. The response indicates the success of the communication.
Elements of Communication
English English Language Learning and Teaching by Prof Abdul Rauf M Phil English Linguistics
The elements of communication are:
Sender: The person or entity sending the message.
Message: The information being conveyed.
Channel: The medium through which the message is sent, such as speaking, writing, or technology.
Receiver: The person or entity receiving the message.
Feedback: The response of the receiver to the message, which can affect the interpretation and understanding of the message.
Context: The circumstances and environment in which the communication occurs, such as social, cultural, and historical factors.
Noise: Any interference that affects the clarity and accuracy of the message, such as physical or semantic barriers.
Types Of Communication
English English Language Learning and Teaching by Prof Abdul Rauf M Phil English Linguistics with Master in English Literature
There are several types of communication, including:
Verbal communication: spoken language between individuals
Nonverbal communication: unspoken messages through body language, gestures, and tone of voice
Written communication: messages transmitted through writing, such as emails and text messages
Interpersonal communication: face-to-face interaction between individuals
Group communication: communication among a group of people, such as in a meeting or presentation
Mass communication: dissemination of information to a large audience through media such as television, radio, and newspapers
Digital communication: transmission of information using digital technologies such as the Internet, social media, and mobile devices.
After evaluating the subject matter we can safely maintain that Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, opinions and messages between individuals or groups through various means such as speech, writing, gestures, or any other medium. Effective communication involves the sender encoding a message and the receiver decoding it, leading to the successful transfer of information and understanding. It plays a crucial role in building relationships, promoting understanding, and achieving goals in various settings such as families, organizations, and societies.
In conclusion, communication is a vital aspect of human interaction and is essential for personal and professional success. Effective communication requires the development of language and interpersonal skills, the use of clear and concise language, and the ability to understand and interpret nonverbal cues. The advancement of technology has expanded the methods and means of communication, making it easier for people to connect and communicate with each other across vast distances. Communication plays a crucial role in shaping our relationships, opinions, and experiences and is an ongoing process that requires constant adaptation and improvement.
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| Communication Skills |
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